Mount Ijen (Kawah Ijen) is one of the most popular destinations to visit in Indonesia, located in the eastern part of Java. This active volcano is famous for its unique natural phenomena: the blue flames, the acidic crater lake, and the breathtaking sunrises at the summit.

History and activity

The last eruption of Mount Ijen occurred in 1936. Since then, the volcano has been considered safe to visit, although the crater was temporarily closed in 2011, 2012, and 2018 due to increased activity. Today, Mount Ijen attracts thousands of tourists from around the world who come to witness its breathtaking landscapes.

What to see

  1. Blue fire
  • This phenomenon occurs when sulfuric gases emerging from the volcano’s depths ignite. It is most visible at night, which makes night hikes especially popular.
  • Mount Ijen’s blue fire is the largest and brightest in the world, making it a unique natural wonder to study and observe.
  1. Acidic crater lake
  • The lake at the bottom of the crater is considered the largest acidic lake in the world. Its waters are rich in sulfuric acid, giving it a striking turquoise color.
  • The water temperature reaches up to 40°C, and its pH is close to zero. Swimming in the lake is impossible, but its appearance is mesmerizing.
  1. Sulfur mining
  • Local workers, known as sulfur miners, manually collect sulfur from the volcano. They carry baskets weighing up to 80 kg on their shoulders, earning only a modest income for this grueling work.
  • It is an extremely difficult and dangerous job, as they often work without protective masks, which severely affects their health.

Best time to visit

Early morning is the best time for climbing. Tourists usually start the hike at night to reach the summit by sunrise. This not only helps to avoid the heat but also allows you to enjoy breathtaking views.

Travel tips

  1. Equipment
  • Bring a couple of liters of water – the hike can be exhausting.
  • Wear closed shoes with good soles: the trail is covered with stones and sand.
  • Take a warm jacket: it is windy and cool at the summit, especially at night.
  • A headlamp will be necessary for the night climb.
  1. Photography
  • The landscapes of Ijen look otherworldly: sulfur fumes, barren rocky slopes, turquoise lake, and blue flames. Photos taken here will be truly impressive.
  1. Safety
  • Due to the high concentration of sulfur in the air, it is recommended to use a respirator or a mask, especially when approaching the crater.

How to get there

Mount Ijen is located near the town of Bondowoso and the ferry that connects Java and Bali. Most travelers visit the volcano as part of organized tours or by hiring private guides.

Why you should visit

Ijen is a combination of natural beauty, hard human labor, and unforgettable impressions. This place will truly become a highlight of your journey through Indonesia.

Mount Ijen is located here